Abstract: With the advance of subtle reservoirs exploration,such as complex fault block reservoir and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir,amplitude-preserved and non-stationary processing technologies that enhance seismic resolution have been focused.Based on the conventional spectral modeling deconvolution,time-varying spectral modeling deconvolution on S transform is presented.In S transform domain,we obtained the time-varying spectral of wavelet amplitude by the least squares fitting,low-pass filtering and multi-channel statistical weighting,which adapts to non-stationary seismic records.Take the effect of SNR into consideration,we designed deconvolution operator and realized time-varying spectral modeling deconvolution.Model test and the actual seismic data processing proved the correctness and effectiveness of the method.