Abstract: Full waveform inversion(FWI)is one of the hot issue in the geophysics exploration. The new round study involvees in many deeper issues,such as wavefield simulation,gradient estimation,data pre-processing,objective function and so on. Those further studies reveal the limtations of geometry and seismic data, as well as the potiential of FWI,through an overall investigation on the FWI theory,technology and application status,we introduce FWI development,from time domain to frequency domain and Laplace domain,especially to the hybrid domain. It is shown that FWI has been already successfully used in the marine data,however it is still a challenge in land data application;bottlenecks of the land data application are analyzed,such as limitation of geometry,lack of low-frequency component of data,the challenge of data pre-processing,the near surface conditions and source-receiver limitation of land acquisition;Finally it is concluded that step-by-step hierarchical multi-scale strategies and combination of different methods would be available to realize the land data FWI application.