Abstract: The techniques of production seismology have been developed rapidly as the situation in development of oil and gas fields is becoming increasingly harsh. However, there is much room for improvement for the theories and methods in production seismology. Based on a review of production seismology, the paper discussed the problems existing in the current research work. The paper suggests that production seismology should be established on the ground of the research for reservoir anisotropy and its variability. The research emphasis of production seismology should be put on physical modeling, forward modeling for multi-component seismic wavefield, and parameter inversion. Some key modules in data processing and interpretation for multi-component converted wave data should be improved.