Abstract: The research on the impact of complex halo-anhydrite on seismic imaging of underlying carbonate is always one of the hotspots for seismic exploration .Firstly,we analyzed the seismic reflection characteristics of halo-anhydrites,which are featured by the structural combination of three layers of anhydrites and two layers of halites in Amu Darya right bank.The reflections from upper halites display a set of weak amplitude and gentle events;reflections from middle anhydrites,lower halites and lower anhydrites show strong energy and distortional events.Secondly,some models have been designed including three theoretical models (“eyeball-shaped” halite dome model,thick halite model and two-layer thin halite model) and two actual complex halo-anhydrite models.Finally,we performed seismic forward modeling and illumination analysis to the theoretical and actual models using the staggered-grid high-order finite difference method of acoustic equation in inhomogeneous media.The result indicates that:①the strong energy multiples,wide-angle guided waves,scattered waves and reverse waves generated by halo-anhydrites are interference waves,which reduce the SNR and continuity of reflections from underlying strata;②the reverse waves form halo-anhydrites with complex structure cause false bright spots of reflection amplitude from the underlying formation;③the number of halo-anhydrite layers has more remarkable shielding effect on the energy from underlying strata than their thickness;④the complex halo-anhydrite bodies leads to the heterogeneity of the downward seismic energy and forms illumination shadows.