Abstract: By the development and application of high-precision seismic,reverse-time migration,seismic attributes analysis and seismic inversion,etc,SINOPEC has achieved good results in the fine exploration at mature oilfields and exploration breakthroughs in new areas,especially in fine characterization for complex faulted blocks,continental sandstone lithologic reservoirs identification,marine carbonate reservoir characterization,tight sandstone reservoir detailed prediction and shale gas comprehensive evaluation,etc.However,some challenges exist in the hydrocarbon exploration for SINOPEC,including unidentified scaled strategic replacing resources,difficult in natural gas exploration,deep-buried and lower-grade new added reserves,and engineering techniques lacking in supporting seismic exploration.Facing the challenges and difficulties,in the hydrocarbon exploration of mature oilfields,on the one hand,we should focus on the development of high-precision seismic,reservoir geophysical techniques,continuously improve the identification and characterization precision of complex geological bodies,and strengthen the reliability of complex reservoir evaluation;on the other hand,we should carry out the research of high-efficiency environmental protection geophysical techniques,innovatively apply equipment manufacturing,information technology,computer technology,reduce the hydrocarbon exploration costs.In the hydrocarbon exploration of new areas,the basic seismic theory research should be deepened to explore the shooting and receiving rule for seismic signals in complex exploration areas;the innovation of geophysical technology should be strengthened,especially on overcoming the seismic acquisition technical problems at the areas with extremely complex surface conditions and subsurface conditions,to improve the quality of seismic data with low S/N,and prove powerful technical support for hydrocarbon discovery.