Abstract: Along with the development of VSP acquisition technique,the quality of zero-offset VSP data was obviously improved.If we only utilized zero-offset VSP for velocity computation or horizon calibration,the abundant seismic information contained in the data cannot be sufficiently used.Therefore,we proposed adopting the information of zero-offset VSP data to acquire the Q-value of formation,by prestack inverse Q filtering and poststack VSP wavelet deconvolution,the frequency and energy of surface seismic data are compensated.Actual data application result shows that the method can improve the longitudinal resolution of 3D seismic data and the accuracy of hydrocarbon seismic exploration.