Abstract:
In recent years, broadband shear wave vibrator with high energy has been developed for oil and gas exploration, and seismic shear waves (qSV-qSV waves) have shown good capability in gas-cloud imaging and geological interpretation.However, shear waves are particularly sensitive to anisotropy, the propagation characteristics of qSV waves are quite complex for the relatively simple VTI (vertically transversely isotropic) media.For example, under strongly anisotropic conditions (
σ>0.3), the traveltime curve of qSV waves in VTI media exhibits a "shear wave triplication" phenomenon at intermediate to far offsets (
x/
z = 1.7~2.0), resulting in a significant difference in the traveltime curve characteristics between near-to-intermediate offsets (less than the offset corresponding to the "shear wave triplication") and intermediate-to-far offsets (greater than the offset corresponding to the "shear wave triplication").The existing approximate equations for the traveltime curve of qSV-qSV waves are typically based on a first-order approximation at small offsets (
x/
z=0), resulting in lower accuracy in the intermediate-to-far offset range.To solve this problem, starting from the precise traveltime equation expressed by the phase and group velocity of qSV waves, combined with the second-order approximation of phase and group velocity, and the characteristics that the phase velocity is equal to the group velocity, phase angle is equal to the group angle at the position
x/
z=2.Based on this, a high-precision time-distance curve equation with an improved convergence factor is derived.Under strongly anisotropic conditions, the new equation converges better to the real traveltime curve at far offsets compared to the existing approximate equations.This equation can help to retain more far offset seismic information, which is important for studying the inversion methods to obtain the seismic velocity parameters and anisotropy parameters, and analyzing the impact of anisotropy on kinematic characteristics.