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    地震−地质联合断层封堵性评价方法及勘探实践以济阳坳陷东营凹陷南坡孔店组为例

    A seismic-geological approach for fault sealing evaluation: Exploration practice in Kongdian Formation, southern slope of Dongying sag, Jiyang Depression

    • 摘要: 断层封堵性评价作为复杂构造油藏勘探的关键环节之一,基于三维地震资料开展断层封堵性定量化评价已成为少井区及勘探初期阶段油藏评价部署的核心攻关方向。以地质评价为基础,融合三维地震数据,创新提出断层封堵性的地震−地质联合评价方法。研究表明:断层两盘岩性配置、泥岩涂抹比(SGR)及断面倾角是封堵能力的核心控制要素;通过三维地震数据体与正演模拟分析,揭示封堵性断层在断面两侧具有显著的地震属性差异(如振幅变化率、频率异常);由此,构建断面两侧地震属性差异指数、SGR及断面倾角与油藏赋存状态的多元回归模型,形成基于地震属性差异性的断层封堵能力量化表征方法,实现了少井区断层封堵性的有效评价。该方法在济阳坳陷东营凹陷实际应用中,成功预测封堵性断层12条,指导部署探井8口,钻遇油层成功率提升至85%,为勘探初期目标优选提供了有效支撑。

       

      Abstract: Fault sealing evaluation is a critical component in the exploration of complex structural reservoirs, where quantitative methods based on 3D seismic data represent a key research focus for reservoir evaluation and drilling deployment in well-sparse areas or early exploration stages. This study proposes an integrated approach for fault sealing evaluation by incorporating geological principles and 3D seismic data. Results indicate that the lithologic configuration of fault walls, shale gouge ratio (SGR), and fault plane dip are the primary controls on sealing capacity. Seismic data analysis and forward modeling reveal significant attribute discrepancies (e.g., amplitude variation rate and frequency anomaly) across fault planes with good sealing performance. By establishing a multivariate regression model that links seismic attribute discrepancy indices, SGR, and fault plane dip to discovered hydrocarbon accumulations, we develop a quantitative characterization method for fault sealing capacity based on seismic attribute variations. This method enables effective evaluation of fault sealing in well-sparse regions. Its application in the Dongying sag of the Jiyang Depression successfully identifies 12 sealing faults, guides the deployment of 8 exploration wells, and achieves an 85% penetration ratio of oil layers, providing robust support for target optimization during early-stage exploration.

       

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