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    AmpAnt-Net:基于跨属性特征增强的地震断层识别网络

    AmpAnt-Net: a seismic fault detection network based on cross-attribute feature enhancement

    • 摘要: 断层在油气运移与储集中具有重要作用,高效、高精度地识别断层对油气勘探与开发至关重要。传统人工解释方法效率低、主观性强,难以满足实际需求。深度学习的应用显著提高了地震数据解释效率,但在复杂构造条件下仍存在断层刻画不够精细等问题。为此,提出了振幅与蚂蚁追踪属性融合网络(Amplitude and Ant-tracking Attribute Fusion Network,AmpAnt-Net),该网络基于振幅属性和蚂蚁体属性,使用双分支并行编码器结构实现断层识别。振幅分支利用卷积模块提取振幅属性的纹理与同相轴连续性特征,蚂蚁体分支通过图卷积网络建模蚂蚁体属性的空间连通性与走向一致性,并在瓶颈层引入交叉注意力机制,实现两类特征的有效融合与增强。随后,解码阶段通过多尺度特征逐层融合重建断层结构。实验结果表明,所提方法在合成数据集上的交并比和F1分数分别较U型网络(UNet)提升2.91和2.04个百分点,较UNet++提升5.38和3.79个百分点。同时,该方法在小尺度断层识别与复杂断裂带刻画方面具有显著优势,展现出较强的泛化能力与应用潜力。

       

      Abstract: Faults play a crucial role in hydrocarbon migration and accumulation, making the efficient and accurate seismic fault identification essential for oil and gas exploration and development. Traditional manual interpretation methods are inefficient and highly subjective, failing to meet practical demands. The application of deep learning has significantly improved the efficiency of seismic data interpretation; however, in complex structural settings, challenges such as insufficient fault delineation still persist. To address this limitation, this study proposes the Amplitude and Ant-tracking Attribute Fusion Network (AmpAnt-Net), a dual-branch parallel encoder network that performs fault detection using both amplitude and ant-tracking attributes. The amplitude branch employs convolutional modules to extract texture features and event continuity from amplitude data, while the ant-tracking branch leverages a graph convolutional network to model the spatial connectivity and directional consistency of ant-tracking attributes. A cross-attention mechanism is introduced in the bottleneck layer to achieve effective fusion and enhancement of the two feature types. During decoding, multi-scale features are progressively integrated to reconstruct fault structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves IoU and F1 scores by 2.91 and 2.04 percentage points over UNet, and by 5.38 and 3.79 percentage points over UNet++, respectively, on synthetic datasets. Moreover, AmpAnt-Net exhibits superior performance in identifying small-scale faults and characterizing complex fracture zones, showing strong generalization ability and application potential.

       

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