Abstract:
As exploration and development advance, identifying and characterizing concealed channels with medium to weak amplitude has gradually become a key focus of oil and gas exploration and development. Conventional full-stack attribute analysis suffers from poor seismic identification of channel sandstones, due to AVO effects and tuning effects that suppress channel responses. Channel sandstones in the Shaximiao Formation of Zhongjiang (ZJ) gas field in Western Sichuan show varied petrophysical properties, thickness, and AVO responses. Given the diversity of AVO responses and the thickness-dependent variation in tuning frequencies, channel characterization needs to integrate multi-offset and multi-frequency information. Thus, this study proposes an offset- and frequency-division energy fusion method, which enhances seismic responses of different AVO classes and improves concealed channel detection by partial stacks of near and far offsets. On this basis, an attribute volume is constructed to fuse frequency-dependent energy from multi-AVO channel sandstones and thereby improve concealed channel imaging. The application of the proposed method identifies a number of concealed channels confirmed by well drilling, with significantly improved continuity and lateral extent compared to those obtained from conventional attributes. Discovered new channels expand the scope for further exploration and development in ZJ gas field.