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    多重组合滤波技术在地震资料拓频中的应用

    Application of multi-filter combination in seismic frequency expanding

    • 摘要: 地震资料的分辨率是影响地下构造刻画及储层识别与描述的关键因素。受限于现有地震资料主频普遍偏低以及薄储层识别能力严重不足,地震属性分析与储层反演精度难以满足勘探开发需求。为突破此技术瓶颈,基于叠后地震资料构建了新的地震反射系数序列,联合井震资料建立了多井宽频合成地震记录,并将其作为目标数据,采用逐步回归分析方法,优化多重滤波器组合与反射系数褶积过程,形成了“多重组合滤波拓频”技术。经过多重滤波器组合方式及权重因子优化设计,分频段深入挖掘并重构了高频地震反射特征,有效提取了不同频带内的地震反射振幅、频率信息,实现了高频地震信号的重构。该技术在鄂尔多斯盆地东缘南部致密砂岩气藏及煤岩气藏的应用结果表明,该技术能显著提升地震资料的分辨率和保幅能力,有效改善地震资料的质量,为地质构造的精细描述及薄储层预测等提供关键的技术支撑和可靠的数据基础。

       

      Abstract: Seismic resolution is crucial to structure interpretation and reservoir characterization. To enhance seismic dominant frequency for thin-bed identification through high-resolution attribute analysis and inversion, we propose an approach of multi-filter combination for frequency expanding based on a new reflectivity series derived from poststack seismic data to establish multi-well broadband synthetic seismograms, which serve as the target to optimize the convolution of the filter bank and reflectivity series through stepwise regression analysis. Efforts focus on the way of multi-filter combination and weighting factor optimization to uncover and reconstruct high-frequency signals and extract seismic amplitude and frequency information within different frequency bands. Field applications to tight sandstone gas and coal-rock gas in the south of the east marginal Ordos Basin show significantly improved seismic data quality in higher resolution and better amplitude preservation. Processed data provide a reliable support for subsequent structure description and thin-reservoir prediction.

       

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