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    渤中X区块伸展差异伴生型隐蔽性断层识别及预测方法

    Identification and prediction of concealed faults associated with differential extension in Block X, central Bohai Bay Basin

    • 摘要: 隐蔽性断层断距小、活动强度低,在地震响应上多表现为连续相位或弱扭动反射特征,难以通过常规方法有效识别。随着油气勘探开发需求提升,准确识别及预测此类断层在油气勘探、注水开发、压裂改造和储气库安全管控中的重要性日益凸显。针对伸展差异伴生型隐蔽性断层的识别,尤其是其与主干断层斜交并形成新增构造圈闭时,现有识别技术存在明显不足。以渤海湾盆地渤中X区块为研究对象,基于地震资料和已钻遇证实的隐蔽性断层数据,系统分析了主干断层及已知隐蔽性断层几何学特征和运动学特征。研究发现,隐蔽性断层主要发育于主干断层分段生长连接处。据此提出“地质−地球物理综合解释方法”:应用“断距−距离”曲线中的断距减小点定位隐蔽性断层的发育位置,应用地震属性平面图指示隐蔽性断层走向,利用地震剖面落实隐蔽性断层空间展布。该方法在渤海湾盆地渤中X区块的预测结果已成功应用于勘探实践中,取得较好的应用效果,对类似地区伸展差异伴生型隐蔽性断层的识别具有借鉴意义。

       

      Abstract: Concealed faults, which feature low grades, small throws, and small event distortions on seismic sections, are important to oil and gas exploration assessment, waterflood development, hydraulic fracturing, and gas storage safety. The concealed faults exhibiting differential extension associated with newly discovered intersected structural traps have garnered considerable attention. However, how to identify such faults with unclear genesis is a big challenge. This study focuses on Block X in central Bohai Bay Basin. Based on the geometric and kinematic characteristics of main faults and known concealed faults derived from seismic and well data, concealed faults are believed to commonly develop at the intersections between the segments of a main fault. A method known as “integrated geologic-geophysical interpretation” is proposed for predicting extensional concealed faults. This approach employs the “throw-distance curve” to pinpoint concealed faults, seismic attribute maps to indicate their strikes, and seismic profiles to verify their presence. The successful application of this method to Block X is referential to the identification of concealed faults with differential extension in similar areas.

       

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